For the ripening of mushrooms, certain conditions are required. Their active growth occurs after rain, which is why precipitation is the main background for their appearance. In order to choose the right time for a “quiet hunt”, certain points are taken into account. About how much ceps grow after rain, where they can be found and when the harvest season comes, and will be discussed further.
Description of the cep
Legs of young specimens are thick, barrel-shaped, light brown or light gray. As growth continues, the leg extends and takes on a cylindrical shape. The thickness of the legs is 3–7 cm, the height is 5–15 cm.
The pulp of the body is white; at the break, the color does not change. The fruit body does not smell, but is distinguished by freshness and coolness. The average weight of a four-day specimen is also striking - 150–160 g (for comparison: russula - 11–15 g, boletus - 70–75 g).
Did you know? «The fungus has outgrown - danger on your nose». This sign is really true. As soon as the fruiting body stops growing, it begins perish and accumulate harmful components. However, in such fruit Worms love to settle.
Young mushrooms have a hemispherical hat. A tall specimen is already crowned by a more direct, convex or even flat body. The hat can grow up to 20 cm. From above they can be of different shades: from light brown to dark. The color depends on the degree of illumination. A “tan” will form under the sun - the hat is getting dark.
At the place of growth, such fruit bodies of boletus are distinguished:
- Dubrava. The hat is light in color, the leg is elongated.
- Birch forest. The hats are light, but the legs are more like tubers.
- Elnik. The mushroom will have an elongated leg and a dark hat.
- Pinery. The leg is short, thick, the hat is brownish-red, chestnut or with a cherry tint.
According to the color of the hat and the place of growth, about 20 varieties of porcini are distinguished.
The first category includes:
- birch;
- spruce;
- pine;
- the ladybug.
Borovik is especially respected (this is what old mushrooms are often called). The tubular layer of the body is dull white. After some time, the color turns yellow and even acquires a greenish tint.
Where porcini mushrooms meet
Boletus can grow on any continent except Australia. The white mushroom chooses deciduous, mixed and coniferous forests.Boletus can appear on almost all soils except peaty soils. Sometimes large colonies.
If in summer there are low average daily temperatures (even if the day is hot) and high humidity, boletus can be found in open, well-lit places. Experienced mushroom pickers are advised to search for forest products around deciduous trees older than 50 years, and conifers - older than 20-30 years.
Did you know? «The torn mushroom has died forever». This is not only a popular sign, but also the true truth. When the fruiting body breaks loose, it causes serious damage to the mycelium, from which it can even die. Mushrooms are carefully cut with a sharp instrument, and the cut is sprinkled with turf so that the future year to return for a new crop.
When the season of porcini mushrooms begins and ends
Fruits porcini mushroom single. A new crop of mushrooms begins to form closer to autumn, and the fruiting period depends on the climate. In regions with moderate weather conditions, mushrooms are harvested from mid-June to the end of September. In warm regions, mushroom pickers harvest from the end of May until mid-autumn.
From the second half of July, the second layer of boletus grows. After 15–20 days, growth declines and the third, most abundant season sets in. How many of them can be collected during this time depends on the experience and care of the mushroom picker. But a “silent hunt” can be conducted before the onset of cold weather.
Cep growth after rain
As the rain wets the soil, water seeps, stimulating the mycelium to grow intensively. As a rule, the duration of this process is 2–4 days. Further, the fruiting body begins to grow - the upper part and the leg. The end of the life process occurs in 15-18 days from the hour when the tops began to appear above the surface.
Important! Intensively, the fruiting body grows after a rainfall only if there was no prolonged drought on the eve. Under the influence of high temperature indicators, the mycelium does not have time feed oneself enough moisture.
In addition, not every rain is able to activate the growth of the fruiting body. Short-term rainfall or heavy rainfall rarely stimulates the growth of mushrooms. Mushrooms appear after medium rainfallwhen moisture enters the ground gradually, it moistens several layers and can accumulate.
In the autumn, fogs favor the development of mycelium, and in summer, dew plays this role. Representatives of the mushroom kingdom are growing day and night. This is a characteristic feature that distinguishes them from other natural kingdoms. In anticipation of autumn, both the number and growth of boletus decreases.
Ideal conditions for growth
Everyone knows that mushrooms spawn. For the intensive development of such organisms, an optimal combination of all conditions is necessary.
The right temperature for growth
The rapid development of mushrooms will be observed if the temperature is within + 15 ... + 18 ° C.Despite this, spores can grow at lower temperatures, for example, at + 8 ... + 10 ° C. Also, diffused sunlight contributes to the growth of mycelium.
Better Humidity for Growth
Humidity helps to nourish the mycelium with liquid and start the ripening process of the fruit. A lack of moisture only inhibits the growth of mushrooms, and an excess accelerates the extinction and decay. The growth rate of boletus depends on the level of humidity. If the indicators are within 50-60%, the growth will be good.
Important! If a dry period occurs immediately after rains, the fungi stop growing, even if the soil is well saturated with moisture.
The bottom line is that the upper part of the boletus does not have protection against evaporation, therefore, with a moisture deficit in the air, it dries up. Experienced mushroom pickers argue that ceps should be looked out for under cover (moss, forest debris).
Going for mushrooms after rain makes it possible to get good results. But it is necessary to choose the right time. And, observing all the rules for picking mushrooms, it will turn out to treat relatives and friends with delicious forest gifts.
