Tulips are one of the consumer's favorite flowers: they are available, varied in colors and the shape of buds. Not everyone knows the subtleties of growing plants, especially the tricks undertaken by gardeners to cut at a certain time. The name of this process, detailed actions at home - below in the article.
What is plant distillation
Distillation in crop production is a set of actions aimed at accelerated growth and flowering or fruiting. The material is placed under certain conditions conducive to rapid growth.
Among the criteria for changing the content mode, such parameters:
- humidity;
- temperature;
- lighting.
Video: forcing bulb plants
Each plant requires a special technology that activates the growth processes. Violation of the norms and patterns of forcing can lead to abnormalities of development or death. Also, due to errors, you can get a copy that is not able to reproduce vegetatively and give high-quality seed material.
The best varieties for the process
Not every tulip species can be subjected to a developmental process. Corms should be resistant to the manipulations that are carried out with them, the ability to recover for further reproduction.
Usually, distillation is timed to some holidays, depending on this, varieties are also chosen:
a) New Year's:
- Christmas Marvel;
- Hell Rem;
- Triumph;
- Apricot Beauty;
b) February:
- Hamilton
- Princess Victoria
- Dow Jones;
- Monte Carlo;
- Abba;
c) spring, early:
- Davenport
- Aladdin;
- Barcelona
- Burgundy Lays.
Bulb storage for distillation
Bulbs that will be grown at an accelerated pace must have a special regime of maintenance. For a month, the material is at a temperature of + 20 ... + 23 ° C. During this time, a flower primordium is formed.
After that, the temperature decreases:
- next month + 20 ° C;
- after it + 16 ... + 17 ° С.
Important! If a strong deviation from the set parameters is observed in the mode, this will provoke the development of flower anomalies.
The nuances of the process at home
According to the tables of Dutch flower growers, the dates for industrial distillation should be increased by about 2-3 weeks during the event. This will improve the quality of the cut.
Dates of cooling by dates (in weeks):
- New Year - 16;
- February - 18;
- March - 20–22.
There are several secrets from experienced gardeners on how to get a beautiful bouquet for the desired day:
- Pre-soaking the planting material in the growth promoter "Gibberellin 0.5%" for 48 hours, before planting, will accelerate flowering by 7-10 days. The bulb must be peeled, its cooling period is 4 weeks at a temperature of + 9 ° C.
- Triple watering of the tulip sprouts “Gibberelin 0.1%” will increase the length of the arrow.
- If you water the seedlings with warm water before the leaves open, the plant will bloom 3-4 days earlier.
- A material of 5-8 cm in diameter, weighing up to 25 g, is recommended. The larger and heavier the bulb, the more magnificent the bud will bloom.
Important! "Gibberellin" is used in exceptional cases, when preplant preparation in the usual way is difficult. The drug is hormonal, frequent use is not desirable.
How to make a tulip bloom by March 8
To get a bouquet of delicate tulips for Women's Day, you need to plant the plants for distillation in the second decade of October. It is important to comply with the deadlines, because too long a period of freezing will worsen the cut. The stem will turn out to be brittle, the petals of a less bright color. It is equally important to familiarize yourself with the description of the selected variety: the rooting period for different species from 13 to 20 weeks.
Soil and place
Coarse river sand with the addition of peat and land from the garden, in a 2: 1: 1 ratio, is ideal. It is advisable to verify neutral acidity, and the absence of salts. The best pH values for flowers are 6.5–7. The substrate must be disinfected by spilling with a slightly pink solution of potassium permanganate.
The container can be any convenient: a plastic container, a wooden box. The main thing is that there are drainage holes and enough space, and the height of the sides is up to 20 cm.
The room should have a stable temperature, therefore, as a place of cold storage, choose a cellar or basement with a t + 9 ° C mode, humidity 60–70%. If the temperature starts to rise, the landing is watered with cold water or covered with snow.
If you plan to chill in the refrigerator, wrap the sowing pot with polyethylene.
Bulb preparation
Planting material is inspected, dry or damaged specimens are discarded.
Did you know? During World War II, tulips saved many Dutch from starvation. People cooked juicy bulbs filled with vitamins.
The upper scales must be removed:
- firstly, it will allow to detect a possible fungal infection and remove the tuber, protecting good specimens from infection;
- secondly, the roots are easier to break through and gain a foothold in the ground;
- thirdly, it will increase the decorativeness of the buds.
Before planting, the bulbs are etched for 20 minutes in a pale solution of potassium permanganate.
Flower planting
If there is a greenhouse, planting is carried out according to a 4 × 4 cm scheme. So the flowers will have enough space and lighting. The density in the pot depends on its diameter: 15 cm / 4-5 pcs. In this case, you need to plant the convex part of the tuber to the center of the tank.
Bulbs are placed in the boxes, squeezing a little into the ground, at a distance of 1 cm from each other. It will not be superfluous to pour calcium nitrate with a solution to strengthen the future peduncle. The solution is prepared in a proportion of 20 g / 10 l of water. Sprinkle with soil after watering.
Care
The container with the sprouted material is brought into heat when the sprouts are extended by 6 cm, and the primordium of the arrow at the bottom of the shoot will be well felt.
Did you know? The first written evidence of a tulip was found in a manuscript Bible of the X – XII century.
The main thing during the transfer is not to harm, step-by-step care instructions:
- The first 4 days maintain a temperature of + 12 ... + 14 ° C, while the lighting is weak, diffuse. The plant is placed in bright light for 1.5 hours a day.
- Then the temperature is increased by 4 degrees and provide full, bright lighting. You need to know that the minimum brightness value should be 900 lux. Normal daylight hours are extended by 3-5 hours per day using artificial instruments. The lamp is located at a height of 0.5 m from the tank.
- As soon as the bud begins to stain, the temperature is reduced to + 15 ° C. When the flowering is late, on the contrary, increase to + 20 ° C. If the bud is about to open earlier than the scheduled date, lower to + 10 ... + 12 ° C.
- Flowers are watered daily, with cool water t + 8 ° С, it should be cleaned of impurities of the trunk, it is best to take melt. The procedure is carried out in the morning, irrigating the soil, it is not advisable to get on the leaves, there may be a burn after evaporation of the drops.
- After one watering, a solution of calcium nitrate (0.2%) is added. It nourishes and strengthens the flower arrow. It is not advisable to carry out other dressings: they inhibit the flowering process and do not have time to fully absorb the plant.
- Plants bloom after 3 weeks.
Video: Tulip Care
Growing tulips for the upcoming holidays is not so difficult. The main thing is to follow the recommendations for accelerating growth and care, as well as choosing the right variety.
